Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Perennial
Herbs
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Western Asia
Types
-
Herb
Number of Varieties
23
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Hardwood forests
Cultivated Beds
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-7-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-5
8-1
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm50.80 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
12.70 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Light Green
Brown, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Blue Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Gray Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Gray Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Butterfly shaped
Compound
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove dead flowers
Fertilizers
No fertilizers needed
Self-fertile
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free, Red blotch
Leafhoppers, Root Pathogen, Stem rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Butterflies
Bugs
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Diuretic
Appetite enhancer, Bloating, Digestion problems, Digestive, Heartburn, Menstrual Cramps, Stomach spasms
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Root
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Other Uses
-
Medicinal oil, Used As Food, Used in flavouring curries, teas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Groundcover
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Botanical Name
JEFFERSONIA diphylla
CARUM carvi
Common Name
-
Caraway, meridian fennel, Persian cumin
In Hindi
Twinleaf
शाहजीरा
In German
Twinleaf
Kümmel
In French
Twinleaf
carvi
In Spanish
Twinleaf
alcaravea
In Greek
Twinleaf
κύμινο
In Portuguese
Twinleaf
alcaravia
In Polish
Twinleaf
kminek
In Latin
Twinleaf
Caraway
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ranunculales
Apiales
Family
Berberidaceae
Apiaceae
Genus
Jeffersonia
Carum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
220
1
27800
👆🏻