Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Perennial
Origin
California
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
32
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Mixed deciduous forest, shaded fields, shaded moist road banks, shaded riverbanks
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-103-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-2
Sunset Zone
21,22
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm30.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm30.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Yellow
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Palmate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Root Division, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial shade, Full Shade
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Pest Free, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Acidic
Toxic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
antihelmintic, cathartic, Emetic, malignant neoplasms, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Rhizomes, Root
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Edible, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Wildflower
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
PODOPHYLLUM peltatum
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
American Mandrake, Mayapple
In Hindi
Toyon
अमेरिकी विषैला पौधा
In German
Toyon
amerikanisch Alraune
In French
Toyon
mandrake américain
In Spanish
Toyon
mandrágora americana
In Greek
Toyon
american μανδραγόρα
In Portuguese
Toyon
mandrake americano
In Polish
Toyon
amerykański mandragory
In Latin
Toyon
Latin mandragoras
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Ranunculales
Family
Rosaceae
Berberidaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Podophyllum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
-
Number of Species
62
1
27800
👆🏻