Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
Eastern Europe, Western Asia
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
320
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
disturbed sites, Forest edges, gardens, Open Forest, Roadsides, Swamps, Urban areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-103-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
7-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm460.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm300.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Light Green, Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Red, Crimson
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Red, Orange, Gold, Crimson
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Lobed
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Pollution, Salt, Shade areas, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Layering, Leaf Cutting, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Keep ground moist, Medium, Requires consistently moist soil
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Keep Slightly Dry
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Pruning in early stages, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Bonsai
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Aphids, Borers, Honey fungus, Red blotch, Soft scales
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Pollution, Salt, Shade areas, Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Deers, Rabbits, Squirrels
Allergy
Acidic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Agroforestry, Wildlife, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Astringent
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
As a tea substitute, Florist trade and landscaping, Food for animals, Showy Purposes
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Street Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Acer ginnala
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Amur Maple
In Hindi
Toyon
अमुर मेपल
In German
Toyon
Amur-Ahorn
In French
Toyon
érable de l'Amour
In Spanish
Toyon
arce de Amur
In Greek
Toyon
Amur Maple
In Portuguese
Toyon
de bordo amur
In Polish
Toyon
klon amur
In Latin
Toyon
amur acernis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Sapindales
Family
Rosaceae
Aceraceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Acer
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Hippocastanoideae
Number of Species
6128
1
27800
👆🏻