Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Grass
Herbs
Origin
Southeastern Asia, Melanesia, Micronesia
Europe, Asia
Types
Saccharum officinarum
Thodopuza, Red streaked, Alleppey
Number of Varieties
3630
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
agricultural areas, Wet lands
Loamy soils, Tropical Forests, Tropical regions, Well Drained
USDA Hardiness Zone
10-157-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 9
9-1
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 8, 9, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm50.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
180.00 cm100.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White hair and some brown spots on margins and at tips
Green, Light Green, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Tan, Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Acicular
Long Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Mid Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
From Rhizomes, Root Division
Plant Maintenance
High
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Water Deeply
Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune ocassionally, Remove dead branches, Remove Ferns
Cut back old stems to the ground, Prune after harvesting, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Equal amount of N,P,K, fertilize in growing season
Compost, Fertilize the soil before planting, organic fertlizers
Pests and Diseases
Beetles, Fusarium root rot, Head smut
Aphids, Leaf Hoppers, Mites, Scale, Snails
Plant Tolerance
Heat Tolerance, Shade areas
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Shallow soil
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Rats, Squirrels
Aphids, Caterpillar, Mites, Rabbits, Snails
Allergy
Diabetes, Sleepiness
Abdominal distension, Blurred vision, Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Maintains teeth healthy, Making cosmetics
Acne, Anti-ageing, Blackheads, Blood purifying, Making cosmetics, Natural Sunscreen, Remove blemishes, Skin inflammation
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for animals, Food for birds
Fixes Nitrogen, Prevent weeds, Provides ground cover
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Antidepressant, Aphrodisiac, Appetite enhancer, Diuretic, Fatigue, Muscle Pain, Nutrients
Abdominal Disease, Acne, Alzheimer’s Disease, Antibacterial, antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Atherosclerosis, Brain disease, Carminative, Cold, Diarrhea, Digestion problems, Eczema, Liver problems, Menstrual Cramps, Treat Parasitic Intestinal Worms, Treatment of ulcers, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves, Stem
Whole plant
Other Uses
Animal Feed, Biomass for fuel, Can be made into a herbal tea, Food for animals, Sometimes used for making wine
Cosmetics, Culinary use, Used as an ointment, Used as colouring in foods, Used as insect repellent
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Edible, Feature Plant, Tropical
Alpine, Cutflower, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
SACCHARUM officinarum
Curcuma longa
Common Name
Sugarcane
Turmeric, Curcuma
In Hindi
गन्ना
हल्दी
In German
Saccharum
Kurkuma
In French
Canne à sucre
curcuma
In Spanish
Saccharum
Curcuma longa
In Greek
Saccharum
κουρκούμη
In Portuguese
Cana-de-açúcar
curcuma
In Polish
Saccharum
kurkuma
In Latin
Saccharum
turmeric
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Liliopsida
Order
Cyperales
Zingiberales
Family
Poaceae
Zingiberaceae
Genus
Saccharum
Curcuma
Clade
Commelinids, Monocots
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
Tribe
Andropogoneae
Zingibereae
Subfamily
Panicoideae
Zingiberoideae
Number of Species
36100
1
27800
👆🏻