Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Tree
Origin
Southern Asia
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Savoy, Giant Noble, Semi-savoy
-
Number of Varieties
32
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Fields, gardens, meadows, Suburban areas
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
8-1
Sunset Zone
-
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Green
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan, Black
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
-
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
-
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
-
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Fertilize when new
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Downy mildew, Leafminers, Red blotch, Seedcorn maggot
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Cold climate, Drought
-
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
Food Allergy
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Energy, Potassium, Rich in Iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Stem
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb, Vegetable
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
SPINACIA oleracea
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Spinach
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
पालक
Red Elderberry
In German
Spinat
Rote Holunder
In French
Épinards
Red sureau
In Spanish
Espinacas
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
Σπανάκι
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
Espinafre
Red Elderberry
In Polish
Szpinak
Red Elderberry
In Latin
Spinach
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Caryophyllales
Dipsacales
Family
Chenopodiaceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Spinacia
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Anserineae
-
Subfamily
Chenopodioideae
-
Number of Species
8007
1
27800
👆🏻