Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Palm or Cycad
Origin
Southeastern Asia, China, Melanesia
South Africa
Types
-
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Number of Varieties
-66
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rainforest, Swamps, Tropical rainforest
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-149-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-9
12-8
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
122.00 cm290.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
460.00 cm240.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Purple, Indigo
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Palmate
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring
Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not let dry out between waterings, Do Not over Water, Keep the Soil well drained, Requires regular watering
Needs very little water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Bold
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Buds, Fruits, Leaves
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Other Uses
Grown for shade, Used to make baskets, brooms, hats, Useful for shade, Weaving into Mats and Bags
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Tropical
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
LIVISTONA saribus
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
Common Name
Serdang, Taraw Palm
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
In Hindi
taraw palm
Bread Tree
In German
Taraw palme
Brotbaum
In French
Taraw palm
Bread Arbre
In Spanish
Taraw palma
Árbol del pan
In Greek
taraw παλάμη
ψωμί Δέντρο
In Portuguese
Taraw palma
Árvore de pão
In Polish
Taraw palmowy
chleb Drzewo
In Latin
taraw palmarum
panis ligno
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Equisetopsida
Order
Arecales
Cycadales
Family
Arecaceae
Cycadaceae
Genus
Livistona
Encephalartos
Clade
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
-
Tribe
Corypheae
-
Subfamily
Coryphoideae
-
Number of Species
3066
1
27800
👆🏻