Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, Southeastern Asia, India, China
Europe, Russia
Types
Taonabo japonica, Cleyera ochnacea
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Number of Varieties
52
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
secondary forest, Temperate Regions
Cold Regions, stream banks
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-106-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
-
Sunset Zone
21,22
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
240.00 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
150.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Yellow
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Red, Bronze
Red, Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Red, Dark Green, Bronze
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Root Division, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require lot of watering, occasional watering once established
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove dead branches
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Downy mildew, Leaf rust, Phytophthora Root Rot, Red blotch
Aphids, Stem spot
Plant Tolerance
Cold climate, Humidity, Soil Compaction
Shallow soil, Sun
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Fruit Bats, Snails, Squirrels
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Allergy
Asthma, Nausea, Pollen, sneezing
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Provides herbal hair care, Remove blemishes
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Insect Repellent, Shadow Tree
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acne, Arthritis, Eczema, Oedema
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Leaves, Twigs
Other Uses
Application in Furniture, Application in Handicrafts, Showy Purposes, Traditional medicine
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
TERNSTROEMIA gymnanthera
Symphytum asperum
Common Name
Sakaki
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
In Hindi
Sakaki
Blackwort
In German
Sperrstrauch
Blackwort
In French
Sakaki
Blackwort
In Spanish
Sakaki
Blackwort
In Greek
Sakaki
Blackwort
In Portuguese
Sakaki
Blackwort
In Polish
Sakaki
Blackwort
In Latin
Sakaki
Blackwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Theales
Lamiales
Family
Theaceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Cleyera
Symphytum
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Boraginoideae
Number of Species
1835
1
27800
👆🏻