Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Europe, Russia
Types
-
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Number of Varieties
22
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
Cold Regions, stream banks
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-76-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
-
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Red, Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Root Division, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Aphids, Stem spot
Plant Tolerance
-
Shallow soil, Sun
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Allergy
-
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Leaves, Twigs
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Symphytum asperum
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
Blackwort
In German
Rote Holunder
Blackwort
In French
Red sureau
Blackwort
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Blackwort
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
Blackwort
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
Blackwort
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Blackwort
In Latin
pubens
Blackwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Lamiales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Symphytum
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Boraginoideae
Number of Species
735
1
27800
👆🏻