Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Perennial
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
-
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
2-
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
Damp forests, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-73-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
-
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Rosette/Stemless
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm30.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm15.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
Yellow, Red, Purple, Orange
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oblong elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Do not let dry out between waterings, Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Dry root rot, Leaf spot
Plant Tolerance
-
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Insects
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
-
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Primula beesiana
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Candelabra Primrose, Primrose
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
candelabra primrose
In German
Rote Holunder
Kerzenleuchter Primel
In French
Red sureau
candélabre primevère
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Primula beesiana
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
μανουάλια primrose
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
prímula candelabros
In Polish
Red Elderberry
kandelabry pierwiosnka
In Latin
pubens
candelabra Primrose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Myrtales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Sambucus
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
-
Onagroideae
Number of Species
7145
1
27800
👆🏻