Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Flowering Plants
Vegetable
Origin
Europe, Mediterranean
Europe
Types
Kablouna Gold, Fiesta Gitana, Art Shades
-
Number of Varieties
305
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Roadsides, Waste areas, wastelands
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-94-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
6 - 1
9-3
Sunset Zone
A2, A3, H1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
80.00 cm15.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
91.44 cm15.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Orange, Bronze, Ivory
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green, Tan
Sienna, Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong-lanceolate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Early Autumn, Spring, Summer
Spring, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Winter
Spring, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Transplanting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Moist, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
-
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Double, Semi-Double
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Beetles, Butterflies, Flying insects
Caterpillar, Mites
Allergy
Dizziness, Itchiness, Nausea, Skin rash, Swelling
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin and hair, Skin cleanser, Skin Problems, used as a dye
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Curing mumps and measles, Cuts, Reduces toothache, Surgical wounds, Throat infection, Ulcers
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Root
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Sometimes used for making wine, Used as an insecticide, Used as essential oil, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used in salads
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Groundcover, Showy Tree
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
Botanical Name
CALENDULA officinalis
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
Common Name
Pot Marigold
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
In Hindi
Pot Marigold
choy sum
In German
Ringelblume
choy sum
In French
pot Marigold
choy sum
In Spanish
Caléndula
choy sum
In Greek
καλέντουλα
choy sum
In Portuguese
pot Marigold
choy sum
In Polish
Pot Marigold
choy sum
In Latin
Zinnia Pot
choy sum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Vascular plant
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Capparales
Family
Asteraceae
Brassicaceae
Genus
Calendula
Brassica
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
Calenduleae
-
Subfamily
Asteroideae
-
Number of Species
2018
1
27800
👆🏻