Life Span
Annual and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tender Perennial
Perennial
Origin
Eastern Africa
Europe
Types
-
Pulmonaria Bubble Gum , Pulmonaria ‘Polar Splash’ , Pulmonaria ‘Moonshine’
Number of Varieties
1525
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rocky Ridges, Shores of rivers or lakes, Tropical Climate, tropical environments
Alpine Meadows
USDA Hardiness Zone
11-124-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-3
Sunset Zone
H1, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
25.40 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm81.30 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Purple, Violet
Red, Salmon, Coral
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
-
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Lanceolate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought, Rocky Soil
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, stem tip cuttings
Divison
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Pruning
Pinch Tips, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth
Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Grey mold, Leaf spot, Mites, Root rot
Pest Free, Powdery mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Rocky Soil
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Flying insects, Hummingbirds
Hummingbirds
Allergy
Pollen
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Bouquets, Cut Flowers, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Borders, Informal Hedge, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes, Woodland margins
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
-
Other Uses
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edging, Houseplant, Tropical
Edging, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Botanical Name
EXACUM affine
PULMONARIA rubra 'David Ward'
Common Name
German Violet, Persian Violet
David Ward, Red Lungwort
In Hindi
persian violet
david ward
In German
persian violet
david ward
In French
persian violet
david ward
In Spanish
Violeta persa
david ward
In Greek
Περσικό Violet
david ward
In Portuguese
Violeta persa
david ward
In Polish
Persian Violet
david ward
In Latin
hyacinthum Persarum
david ward
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Gentianales
Lamiales
Family
Gentianaceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Exacum
Pulmonaria
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
-
Tribe
Exaceae
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
25-
1
27800
👆🏻