Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Europe, Russia
Types
Maclura pomifera
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Number of Varieties
12
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Hillside, Humid climates, Roadsides, Woods
Cold Regions, stream banks
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-106-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
10-1
-
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 10, 11, 12, 13
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
760.00 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,219.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Red, Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green, Yellow green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Soil Compaction
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Root Division, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering, Water Deeply, Water when soil is dry
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Stem spot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Shallow soil, Sun
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Allergy
-
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Tooth ache, Urinary tract problems
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Flowers, Fruits
Leaves, Twigs
Other Uses
Used as an insecticide, Wood log is used in making fences
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
MACLURA pomifera
Symphytum asperum
Common Name
Bois d’arc, Hedge Apple, Osage Orange
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
In Hindi
ओसेज संतरे
Blackwort
In German
Osage Orange
Blackwort
In French
Osage orange
Blackwort
In Spanish
Osage naranja
Blackwort
In Greek
Osage Πορτοκαλί
Blackwort
In Portuguese
Osage laranja
Blackwort
In Polish
Osage Pomarańczowy
Blackwort
In Latin
Aliquam Osage
Blackwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Lamiales
Family
Moraceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Maclura
Symphytum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Moreae
-
Subfamily
-
Boraginoideae
Number of Species
135
1
27800
👆🏻