Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Europe, Southern Europe
North America, Northeastern United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States
Types
Pinus mugo, Swiss Mountain Pine
Ilex glabra, Ilex crenata, Ilex verticillata
Number of Varieties
403
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mountains, open Woodlands
Coastal Regions, Lowland, Mountains, Subtropical climates, Suburban areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-75-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
120.00 cm120.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm180.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brown
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Needle like
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
-
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
occasional watering once established
Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply, Water more in summer, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
-
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antiasthamatic, Cardiotonic, Expectorant
-
Part of Plant Used
-
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Shelterbelt, Used as firewood, Used for making green dye
Can be made into a herbal tea
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Alpine, Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
PINUS mugo
ILEX glabra
Common Name
Dwarf Mountain Pine, Mugo pine, Mountain Pine
American Pokeweed, Inkberry, Silberstein American Pokeweed
In Hindi
Mugo Pine
Inkberry
In German
Bergkiefer
Inkberry
In French
Pinus mugo
Inkberry
In Spanish
Pinus mugo
Inkberry
In Greek
Mugo Pine
Inkberry
In Portuguese
Pinus mugo
Inkberry
In Polish
Kosodrzewina
inkberry
In Latin
Mugo Pine
Inkberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Coniferophyta
-
Class
Pinopsida
-
Order
Pinales
Aquifoliales
Family
Pinaceae
Phytolaccaceae
Genus
Pinus
Ilex
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
3600
1
27800
👆🏻