Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Herbs
Origin
Europe, Asia
Southern Europe
Types
Brassica oleifer, Brassica napus
Melissa officinalis
Number of Varieties
135
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Humid climates, Subtropical climates
Dappled Shade, Mediterranean region, Shady Edge, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
12-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.50 cm30.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Black
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Blue Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green, Gray Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Light Green, Gray Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval Cordate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Late Winter
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Deer resistant, Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the Soil well drained, Needs watering once a week
Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune back the growing tips, Remove all suckers
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
15-15-15 amounts, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Less fertilizing
Nitrogen, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Downy mildew, pink rot, Rust
Gray leaf blight, Gray mold, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Deer resistant, Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Beetles, Bugs
Bees
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Oral Allergy, sneezing, wheezing
Avoid during Pregnancy, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden
Beauty Benefits
Blackheads, Blood purifying, Perfumes
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Edible Uses
Sometimes
Insignificant
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, Shadow Tree
Deer resistant, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cholesterol Free, Curing mumps and measles, Digestion problems, Diuretic, Palpitation, Piles
Antiemetic, Anxiety, Appetite enhancer, Digestion problems, Insomnia, Sedative
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Stem
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Making Sweet Scented Oil, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc.
Can be made into a herbal tea, Medicinal oil, Used as insect repellent, Used for its medicinal properties, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa ssp. nipposinica
MELISSA officinalis
Common Name
Kabuna, Mizuna, Spinach Mustard, Tendergreen
Lemonbalm, balm, common balm, balm mint
In Hindi
Mizuna
नींबू बाम
In German
Mizuna
Lemonbalm
In French
Mizuna
mélisse
In Spanish
Mizuna
Lemonbalm
In Greek
Mizuna
Lemonbalm
In Portuguese
Mizuna
Lemonbalm
In Polish
Mizuna
Lemonbalm
In Latin
Mizuna
CITRAGO
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Capparales
Lamiales
Family
Brassicaceae
Lamiaceae
Genus
Brassica
Melissa
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Nepetoideae
Number of Species
34
1
27800
👆🏻