Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
California
Types
shadbush, wild plum
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
203
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Swamps, Thickets, Woods
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-98-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
-
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
300.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Violet, Plum
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Gray Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Orange, Orange Red
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
occasional watering once established
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Drought Tolerant
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Less Watering
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune if you want to improve plant shape
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Less fertilizing
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Beetles, Powdery mildew, Red blotch, Rust
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Heat And Humidity
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Deers, Hoverflies
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
Improve skin condition, Skin Problems
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Agroforestry, Food for animals, Food for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, soil stabilisation
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Diarrhea, Gastrointestinal disorders, Menstrual Disorders
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Food for animals, Used As Food
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant, Foundation, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
AMELANCHIER arborea
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Common Serviceberry, Downy Serviceberry, Juneberry, Shadbush
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
Juneberry
Toyon
In German
Felsenbirnen
Toyon
In French
Amélanchier
Toyon
In Spanish
Amelanchier
Toyon
In Greek
Juneberry
Toyon
In Portuguese
Amelanchier
Toyon
In Polish
Świdośliwa
Toyon
In Latin
Amelanchier
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Rosales
Family
Rosaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Amelanchier
Heteromeles
Clade
Dicotyledonous
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
Malvoideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
256
1
27800
👆🏻