Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Russia/Siberia, Southern Asia, Western Asia
Europe, Russia
Types
Primula japonica
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Number of Varieties
252
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
Cold Regions, stream banks
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-96-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-2
-
Sunset Zone
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
460.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Yellow, Dark Red
Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Red, Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Root Division, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Aphids, Stem spot
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
Shallow soil, Sun
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Part of Plant Used
Root
Leaves, Twigs
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
MALUS domestica 'Winesap'
Symphytum asperum
Common Name
Apple, Dessert Apple, Winesap Apple
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
In Hindi
Primula sieboldii
Blackwort
In German
Siebolds Primel
Blackwort
In French
Primrose japonaise
Blackwort
In Spanish
Primula sieboldii
Blackwort
In Greek
Primula sieboldii
Blackwort
In Portuguese
Primula sieboldii
Blackwort
In Polish
Pierwiosnek Siebolda
Blackwort
In Latin
Primula sieboldii
Blackwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Lamiales
Family
Onagraceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Symphytum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
Boraginoideae
Number of Species
14535
1
27800
👆🏻