Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Grass
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
Southern Europe
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
Arundo, Carrizo
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
57
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Saline Soils, Sandy areas
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-108-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 1
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
18.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
150.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Gray Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Gray Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Gray Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall, Late Fall
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
From Rhizomes, Stem Planting
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Do not prune during shooting season, Prune after harvesting, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize in early spring
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
-
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Birds, Hummingbirds
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
allergic conjunctivitis, flushing of face, wheezing
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Bonsai
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Agroforestry, Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, soil stabilisation
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Emmoiliant
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Sap
Dried seeds
Other Uses
Basketary, Showy Purposes, Used in making musical instruments, Wood is used in construction
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Cutflower, Dried Flower/Everlasting, Feature Plant, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical, Water Gardens
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
ARUNDO donax
Piper nigrum
Common Name
Giant Reed
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
नरकट
काली मिर्च
In German
Pfahlrohr
Pfeffer
In French
Arundo donax
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
Arundo donax
Poivrier noir
In Greek
Arundo donax
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
Cana-do-reino
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
Lasecznica trzcinowata
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
Arundo donax
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Angiosperms
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cyperales
Piperales
Family
Poaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Arundo
Piper
Clade
Commelinids
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
31100
1
27800
👆🏻