Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Europe, Russia/Siberia, Western Asia
California
Types
-
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
-3
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Alpine Meadows, Mediterranean region, Rock outcrops, Slopes, Woodlands
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-88-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
-
Sunset Zone
1 - 7,15 - 17
21,22
Habit
Pyramidal
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,000.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
200.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
White
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Blue Green, Gray Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Needle like
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Summer, Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune once the plant is tall enough, Prune to stimulate growth
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Adelgids, Bark beetles, Blister Rust, Canker, Sawfly Larvae, Spruce spider mite, White pine weevil
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Decorating walls, Ground Cover, Landscape Designing, Mixed Border, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc., Used for making hedges
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
-
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Application in Furniture, Condiment, Food for animals, Paper pulp, Showy Purposes, Used as Christmas Tree, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties, Used for Landscaping
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Pinus balfouriana
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Foxtail pine
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
foxtail pine
Toyon
In German
foxtail Kiefer
Toyon
In French
sétaire pin
Toyon
In Spanish
pino de cola de zorra
Toyon
In Greek
αλωπέκουρου πεύκο
Toyon
In Portuguese
pinho foxtail
Toyon
In Polish
włośnica sosny
Toyon
In Latin
panicum pinus
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Coniferophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Rosales
Family
Pinaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Pinus
Heteromeles
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Pineae
Maleae
Subfamily
Pinoideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
1116
1
27800
👆🏻