Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants
Herbaceous Perennial, Perennial
Origin
Southwestern United States, California
United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
-
Oenothera macrocarpa, Oenothera missouriensis
Number of Varieties
4020
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dry areas, meadows
Bluffs, limestone outcrops, Prairies, Rocky areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-95-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-3
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
61.00 cm15.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm35.60 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Crimson
Yellow, Lemon yellow, Gold
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Light Green, Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Lance shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply, Water when soil is dry
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply 10-10-10 amount
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Insects
Leaf spot, Root rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds
Bugs, Butterflies, Flies, Flying insects, Insects
Allergy
Asthma
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used as an interior landscaping species, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Beauty Benefits
-
Glowing Skin, Improve skin condition, Making cosmetics, used as a dye
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Burns, Snakebite, Stomach aliments
Arthritis, cholesterol-lowering, Diarrhea, Eczema, Inflammation, lowering blood pressure
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used as Ornamental plant
Making Perfumes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
PENSTEMON eatonii
OENOTHERA macrocarpa
Common Name
Firecracker Penstemon
Bigfruit evening Primrose,Ozark sundrop,Missouri evening primrose
In Hindi
Firecracker penstemon
Missouri primrose
In German
Kracher penstemon
Missouri Primel
In French
Firecracker penstemon
Oenothera macrocarpa
In Spanish
Penstemon del petardo
prímula Missouri
In Greek
πυροτέχνημα penstemon
Missouri primrose
In Portuguese
Penstemon do foguete
Missouri Primrose
In Polish
petarda penstemon
Wiesiołek ozdobny
In Latin
Firecracker Persicaria
Primrose Missouri
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
-
Tracheophyta
Class
-
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Myrtales
Family
Scrophulariaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Penstemon
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
-
Onagroideae
Number of Species
250145
1
27800
👆🏻