Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tender Perennial
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
World/Pandemic
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
242
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
2007
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rocky areas, Sandy areas, Swamps, Terrestrial, Woodlands
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
11-148-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-7
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
H2
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
40.60 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
45.70 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Pink, Rose, Dark Salmon, Bronze, Tan, Sandy Brown, Sienna, Ivory
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Long Linear
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Cold climate, Full Sun, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Stem Planting, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Ample Water
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
fertilize in growing season, Phosphate, Requires high amount of nitrogen
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial soft rot, Brown Rot, Mealybugs, Spider mites
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Cold climate, Full Sun, Salt
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects, Mealybugs
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
-
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Indoor Air Purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Flowers
Dried seeds
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Houseplant, Mixed Border
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
ENCYCLIA hanburyi
Piper nigrum
Common Name
Encyclia, Orchid
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
आर्किड
काली मिर्च
In German
Orchidee
Pfeffer
In French
Orchidée
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
Orquídea
Poivrier noir
In Greek
εγκύκλιο
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
orquídea
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
orquídea
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
Epidendrum
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asparagales
Piperales
Family
Orchidaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Encyclia
Piper
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
Epidendreae
-
Subfamily
Epidendroideae
-
Number of Species
2421100
1
27800
👆🏻