Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Fruit
Origin
Europe, Russia
China, Japan
Types
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
-
Number of Varieties
26
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cold Regions, stream banks
Subtropical climates
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-118-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
10-8
Sunset Zone
21,22
H1, H2, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
20.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm180.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Orange Red
Green, Orange, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Red, Green, Copper
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Acicular
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Root Division, Transplanting
Budding, Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Apply N-P-K, Fertilize the first year
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Stem spot
Anthracnose, Aphids, Black root rot, Brown Rot, Mushroom root rot
Plant Tolerance
Shallow soil, Sun
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Good for skin and hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Agroforestry, Food for birds
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Bone strength, Kidney Stones, osteoporosis, Stomach Cancer, Vitamin C
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Twigs
Fruits
Other Uses
Used for its medicinal properties
Food for animals, Used as a nutritious food item, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Container, Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Topiary / Bonsai / Espalier
Botanical Name
Symphytum asperum
CITRUS unshiu
Common Name
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
Satsuma, unshu mikan, cold hardy mandarin
In Hindi
Blackwort
satsuma
In German
Blackwort
satsuma
In French
Blackwort
satsuma
In Spanish
Blackwort
satsuma
In Greek
Blackwort
satsuma
In Portuguese
Blackwort
satsuma
In Polish
Blackwort
Satsuma
In Latin
Blackwort
Satsuma
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Sapindales
Family
Boraginaceae
Rutaceae
Genus
Symphytum
Citrus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Citreae
Subfamily
Boraginoideae
Citroideae
Number of Species
3516
1
27800
👆🏻