Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
Europe, Russia
Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Maclura pomifera
Number of Varieties
21
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cold Regions, stream banks
Grassland, Hillside, Humid climates, Roadsides, Woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-114-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
10-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
2a, 2b, 3a, 10, 11, 12, 13
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
20.00 cm760.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm1,219.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Orange Red
Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Red, Green, Copper
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Yellow, Green, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Spring, Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Root Division, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering, Water Deeply, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Stem spot
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Shallow soil, Sun
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
-
Allergy
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Cancer, Tooth ache, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Twigs
Bark, Flowers, Fruits
Other Uses
Used for its medicinal properties
Used as an insecticide, Wood log is used in making fences
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Mixed Border, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
Symphytum asperum
MACLURA pomifera
Common Name
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
Bois d’arc, Hedge Apple, Osage Orange
In Hindi
Blackwort
ओसेज संतरे
In German
Blackwort
Osage Orange
In French
Blackwort
Osage orange
In Spanish
Blackwort
Osage naranja
In Greek
Blackwort
Osage Πορτοκαλί
In Portuguese
Blackwort
Osage laranja
In Polish
Blackwort
Osage Pomarańczowy
In Latin
Blackwort
Aliquam Osage
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Rosales
Family
Boraginaceae
Moraceae
Genus
Symphytum
Maclura
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Moreae
Subfamily
Boraginoideae
-
Number of Species
351
1
27800
👆🏻