Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
Europe, Russia
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
Types
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Terminalia arjuna
Number of Varieties
21
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cold Regions, stream banks
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-115-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9 - 5
Sunset Zone
21,22
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
20.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Orange Red
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Red, Green, Copper
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Root Division, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Stem spot
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Shallow soil, Sun
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Allergy
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
conjunctivitis, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Twigs
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Other Uses
Used for its medicinal properties
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Symphytum asperum
Terminalia arjuna
Common Name
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
Arjuna
In Hindi
Blackwort
अर्जुन वृक्ष
In German
Blackwort
Terminalia arjuna
In French
Blackwort
Terminalia arjuna
In Spanish
Blackwort
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Greek
Blackwort
arjuna
In Portuguese
Blackwort
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Polish
Blackwort
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Latin
Blackwort
arjuna
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Lamiales
Myrtales
Family
Boraginaceae
Poaceae
Genus
Symphytum
Terminilia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Boraginoideae
-
Number of Species
35100
1
27800
👆🏻