Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Shrub
Origin
Europe
Europe, Morocco, Western Asia
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
5700
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
Boggy areas, Dry and Young forest Heaths, Mountain Slopes, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-105-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
8-5
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm10.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.70 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
White, Red, Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
Gray Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Prune in early summer, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
Ammonium Nitrate
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
Armillaria mellea, Chlorosis, Crown rot, Powdery mildew, Root rot, Rust, Verticillium Wilt
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
Drought, Dry soil, Shade areas, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single, Double, Semi-Double
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
Bees, Butterflies, Moths
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Bouquets, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
Skin inflammation
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
Food for animals, Food for insects
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
Arthritis, Bladder Infection, Colic, Diarrhea, Gout, Inflammation, Kidney Stones, Rheumatism, Stomach pain, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
Flowers
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
Can be made into a herbal tea, Food for animals, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
Container, Cutflower, Edging, Foundation, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
CALLUNA vulgaris
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
Heather, Common heather, Ling
In Hindi
choy sum
हीथ
In German
choy sum
Heidekraut
In French
choy sum
bruyère
In Spanish
choy sum
brezo
In Greek
choy sum
ερείκη
In Portuguese
choy sum
urze
In Polish
choy sum
wrzos
In Latin
choy sum
Heather
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Capparales
Ericales
Family
Brassicaceae
Ericaceae
Genus
Brassica
Calluna
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Ericeae
Subfamily
-
Ericoideae
Number of Species
18860
1
27800
👆🏻