Life Span
Annual
Annual
Type
Vegetable
Flowering Plants, Ornamental Plants
Origin
Europe
Asia, Europe
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
51
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
Old fields, Open grasslands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-105-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm25.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.70 cm50.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
Slugs, Snails
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
Variety of soil types
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
Insects
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
Eczema
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
Root
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
Primula veris
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
cowslip, common cowslip, cowslip primrose
In Hindi
choy sum
cowslip primrose
In German
choy sum
Echte Schlüsselblume
In French
choy sum
Brérelle, le Coqueluchon, le Coucou, l’Herbe à la paralysie, l’Herbe de saint Paul, la Primerolle, la Primevère de printemps ou la Printanière
In Spanish
choy sum
Primula veris
In Greek
choy sum
πασχαλίτσα primrose
In Portuguese
choy sum
prímula cowslip
In Polish
choy sum
Pierwiosnek lekarski
In Latin
choy sum
cowslip Primrose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Capparales
Myrtales
Family
Brassicaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Brassica
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
-
Onagroideae
Number of Species
18145
1
27800
👆🏻