Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Herbs
Fern
Origin
Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Western Asia
Australia
Types
Herb
Polystichum solitarium
Number of Varieties
31
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Shady Edge, Woodland Garden Dappled Shade
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99999-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
12-1
Sunset Zone
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2
Habit
Clump-Forming
Arching/Fountain-shaped
Plant Size
Minimum Height
50.80 cm120.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Saw-tooth like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Shade, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
All year
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Drought, Dry Conditions, Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, From Rhizomes, Spores
Plant Maintenance
Low
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
when new, water every week
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Shade, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove dead flowers
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Self-fertile
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Leafhoppers, Root Pathogen, Stem rot
Pests and diseases free
Plant Tolerance
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Drought, Dry Conditions, Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bugs
Birds, Butterflies, Hummingbirds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for animals
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Appetite enhancer, Bloating, Digestion problems, Digestive, Heartburn, Menstrual Cramps, Stomach spasms
Poultice, Sore throat, Tonsillitis
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Leaves, Root, Stem
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used As Food, Used in flavouring curries, teas
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Bedding Plant, Container, Feature Plant, Houseplant, Tropical, Water Gardens
Botanical Name
CARUM carvi
Polystichum munitum
Common Name
Caraway, meridian fennel, Persian cumin
Swordfern, western swordfern
In Hindi
शाहजीरा
Swordfern
In German
Kümmel
Sword Fern
In French
carvi
Epée Fern
In Spanish
alcaravea
helecho espada
In Greek
κύμινο
ξίφος φτέρη
In Portuguese
alcaravia
espada Fern
In Polish
kminek
Miecz Fern
In Latin
Caraway
Fern gladio
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Pteridophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Filicopsida
Order
Apiales
Polypodiales
Family
Apiaceae
Dryopteridaceae
Genus
Carum
Polystichum
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
20260
1
27800
👆🏻