Life Span
Annual and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Perennial
Origin
South Africa
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
Types
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Monarda fistulosa brevis, Monarda fistulosa fistulosa, Monarda fistulosa mollis
Number of Varieties
78
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Boggy areas, Dappled Shade, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden Canopy
Thickets, Woodland edges
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-11-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
H1, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
365.76 cm90.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
182.88 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow, Ivory
-
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
-
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
-
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Egg-shaped
Lance shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Winter, Late Winter
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires 4 to 8 inches of water above the soil line
Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in early summer, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Powdery mildew, Rust
Plant Tolerance
Wet Site
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
-
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Bees, Hummingbirds
Allergy
Toxic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Skin inflammation, Skin Problems
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Astringent, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Emetic, Febrifuge, Laxative, Odontalgic, Ophthalmic, Tonic
Antiseptic, Carminative, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Gastrointestinal disorders
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Inner Bark, Root, Wood
Flowers, Leaves, Stem
Other Uses
Used for woodware
Added to salads, Used as a flavouring in food, Used as a potherb, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Cutflower, Dried Flower, Everlasting, Feature Plant, Mixed Border, Tropical
Cutflower, Edible, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
BERZELIA lanuginosa
MONARDA fistulosa
Common Name
Buttonbush
Wild Bergamot, bee balm
In Hindi
Buttonbush shrub
Wild Bergamot
In German
Button Strauch
Wilde Bergamotte
In French
buttonbush arbuste
bergamote sauvage
In Spanish
arbusto buttonbush
bergamota silvestre
In Greek
Buttonbush θάμνος
άγρια Περγαμόντο
In Portuguese
arbusto Buttonbush
Bergamota selvagem
In Polish
Buttonbush krzew
Dziki Bergamot
In Latin
Frutex Buttonbush
Wild Bergamot
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rubiales
Lamiales
Family
Bruniaceae
Lamiaceae
Genus
Cephalanthus
Monarda
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Mentheae
Subfamily
-
Nepetoideae
Number of Species
1221
1
27800
👆🏻