Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Tree
Origin
South Africa
Southern Europe
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Evergreen Conifer
Number of Varieties
6630
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
Woodland Garden Canopy
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-124-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
8-1
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm1,680.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm300.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Sienna
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Olive, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Olive, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Semi-hardwood cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Adelgids, Aphids, Conifer red spider mite
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
-
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
-
Respiratory problems, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Bog Garden
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Flowers, Inner Bark, Seeds
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Paper pulp, Planted in shelterbeds, Used in making tea, Used in paper industry
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Feature Plant, Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
PICEA omorika
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Serbian Spruce
In Hindi
Bread Tree
Serbian Spruce
In German
Brotbaum
serbische Fichte
In French
Bread Arbre
serbe Spruce
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
serbio Spruce
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
σερβική έλατο
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
sérvio Spruce
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Świerk serbski
In Latin
panis ligno
Sinensi Spruce
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Coniferophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Cycadales
Pinales
Family
Cycadaceae
Pinaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Picea
Clade
-
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Piceoideae
Number of Species
6650
1
27800
👆🏻