Life Span
Biennial
Annual and Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Tree
Origin
South Africa
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
-
Number of Varieties
668
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
Deep, Fertile bottom land, Hilly upland habitat, Well Drained
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-126-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
8-6
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm1,371.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm30.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Purple, Burgundy, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Yellow, Green, Yellow green, Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Yellow, Copper, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Requires little pruning
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Magnesium sulphate, Nitrogen, Phosphate, Phosphorous, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
breathing problems, Dizziness, Itchiness, Nausea, Rash, Stomach pain, Swelling
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin and hair, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Malaria, Rheumatism, Urine infections, Vomiting
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Making Shampoo, Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
ASIMINA triloba
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Pawpaw
In Hindi
Bread Tree
गंदा संयंत्र
In German
Brotbaum
Papaya Pflanze
In French
Bread Arbre
usine de papaye
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
planta de la papaya
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
φυτό pawpaw
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
planta mamão
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
pawpaw roślin
In Latin
panis ligno
quince herba
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cycadales
Magnoliales
Family
Cycadaceae
Annonaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Asimina Adans
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Magnoliids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
669
1
27800
👆🏻