Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Shrub
Origin
South Africa
Europe, Northern America, Northern Europe
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Rosa rugosa
Number of Varieties
6615
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
shores, Shores of rivers or lakes
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-129-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
-
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm50.80 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Baby Pink, Pink, Red
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
-
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Doesn't require fertilization when grown in rich soil
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Botrytis Blight, Powdery mildew, Sooty Mold, Verticillium Wilt
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Perfumes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Foundation, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
Rosa rugosa
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Ramanas Rose, Japanese Rose, Rugosa Rose
In Hindi
Bread Tree
Japanese Rose
In German
Brotbaum
Japanese Rose
In French
Bread Arbre
Japanese Rose
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
Japanese Rose
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
Γιαπωνέζικο Τριαντάφυλλο
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
Japanese Rose
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Japanese Rose
In Latin
panis ligno
Japanese Rose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
-
Class
Equisetopsida
-
Order
Cycadales
Malvales
Family
Cycadaceae
Cistaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Cistus
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
66200
1
27800
👆🏻