Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Tree
Origin
South Africa
Southern Africa, South Africa
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Acacia aulacocarpa, Papuan wattle, Red wattle
Number of Varieties
6616
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
Valley, wooded grassland
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-129-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
12-8
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Arching/Fountain-shaped
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm910.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm910.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Light Yellow, Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Tan, Chocolate
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Budding, Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Keep the Soil well drained, Needs 2-3 times watering per week, Water Deeply
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Butterflies
Allergy
-
Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin and hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Wildlife, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Abdominal Disease, Anthelmintic, Back pain, Chest pain, Colic, Cough, Diarrhea, Digestive disorders, Dysentry, Emetic, Febrifuge, Liver problems, Sore Eyes, Stomachic, Tonic, tonic in pregnancy, Tooth ache, Treat Parasitic Intestinal Worms, Treating fever, tuberculosis, Upset stomach, Wounds
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Bark, Seeds, Stem, Tree trunks
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Gum, Used as fuel, Wood is used for making furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
PELTOPHORUM africanum
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Black Wattle, Weeping Wattle
In Hindi
Bread Tree
Black Wattle Tree
In German
Brotbaum
Schwarz Akazie Baum
In French
Bread Arbre
Noir Arbre Wattle
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
Negro del árbol del zarzo
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
Μαύρο Wattle Δέντρο
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
Árvore da acácia negra
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Czarne Drzewo akacji
In Latin
panis ligno
Niger Wattle ligno
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Rosopsida
Order
Cycadales
Gentianales
Family
Cycadaceae
Fabaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Peltophorum
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Caesalpinieae
Subfamily
-
Caesalpinioideae
Number of Species
6615
1
27800
👆🏻