Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Shrub
Origin
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Mexico
Types
Red pepper, Orange pepper
-
Number of Varieties
72
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
Cultivated Beds
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-158-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 1
11-7
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm90.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Lemon yellow
Red, Magenta, Orange Red
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red, Green, Light Green
Brown, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green, Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Circular cordate
Arrowhead
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
-
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Apply 10-10-10 amount
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
-
Plant Tolerance
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Hummingbirds
Allergy
Oral Allergy
Toxic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Borders
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Blackheads
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Antiemetic, Diuretic, Purgative, Tonic
Part of Plant Used
Dried seeds
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used as a general tonic, Used as a rat poison, Used as a vegetable
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Piper nigrum
ERYTHRINA herbacea
Common Name
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
Red cardinal, Cardinal spear
In Hindi
काली मिर्च
Red Cardinal
In German
Pfeffer
Red Cardinal
In French
Piper nigrum
Cardinal rouge
In Spanish
Poivrier noir
Cárdenas
In Greek
μαύρο πιπέρι
κόκκινο Καρδινάλιος
In Portuguese
Pimenta-preta
Cardeal vermelho
In Polish
Pieprz czarny
Red Cardinal
In Latin
nigrum piperis
Cardinalis Rubrum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Piperales
Fabales
Family
Piperaceae
Fabaceae
Genus
Piper
Erythrina
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Phaseoleae
Subfamily
-
Faboideae
Number of Species
110010
1
27800
👆🏻