Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Tree
Flowering Plants, Ornamental Plants
Origin
-
Asia, Europe
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
121
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
All sorts of environments
Old fields, Open grasslands
USDA Hardiness Zone
7-95-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-6
8-1
Sunset Zone
8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Twisted/Contorted
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
460.00 cm25.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm50.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Budding, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Average Water Needs
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut leaves after fall, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Fungal Diseases, Rats, Red blotch
Slugs, Snails
Plant Tolerance
Dry soil, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shallow soil
Variety of soil types
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Insects
Allergy
allergic conjunctivitis, Itchy eyes, Respiratory problems
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Beautiful Skin, Good for the Scalp, Moisturizing, Remove blemishes
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Food for animals, Insect Repellent, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acne, Dysentry, Nutritive, osteoporosis
Eczema
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Root
Other Uses
Animal Feed, Application in Handicrafts, Biomass for fuel, Oil is used for aromatherapy
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Mixed Border
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
Arbutus menziesii
Primula veris
Common Name
Arbutus
cowslip, common cowslip, cowslip primrose
In Hindi
सदाबहार
cowslip primrose
In German
Erdbeerbaum
Echte Schlüsselblume
In French
arbousier
Brérelle, le Coqueluchon, le Coucou, l’Herbe à la paralysie, l’Herbe de saint Paul, la Primerolle, la Primevère de printemps ou la Printanière
In Spanish
Arbitus
Primula veris
In Greek
κουμαριά
πασχαλίτσα primrose
In Portuguese
árbuto
prímula cowslip
In Polish
mącznik
Pierwiosnek lekarski
In Latin
arbutus
cowslip Primrose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
-
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ericales
Myrtales
Family
Ericaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Arbutus
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
Arbutoideae
Onagroideae
Number of Species
8145
1
27800
👆🏻