Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Eastern Europe, Western Asia
California
Types
-
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
203
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
disturbed sites, Forest edges, gardens, Open Forest, Roadsides, Swamps, Urban areas
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-78-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
-
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
460.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
300.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Green, Ivory
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Crimson
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Orange, Gold, Crimson
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lobed
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Pollution, Salt, Shade areas, Soil Compaction
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Layering, Leaf Cutting, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Medium, Requires consistently moist soil
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Keep Slightly Dry
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Pruning in early stages, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Bonsai
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Borers, Honey fungus, Red blotch, Soft scales
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Pollution, Salt, Shade areas, Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Deers, Rabbits, Squirrels
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Agroforestry, Wildlife, Windbreak
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Astringent
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
As a tea substitute, Florist trade and landscaping, Food for animals, Showy Purposes
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Street Trees
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Acer ginnala
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Amur Maple
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
अमुर मेपल
Toyon
In German
Amur-Ahorn
Toyon
In French
érable de l'Amour
Toyon
In Spanish
arce de Amur
Toyon
In Greek
Amur Maple
Toyon
In Portuguese
de bordo amur
Toyon
In Polish
klon amur
Toyon
In Latin
amur acernis
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Sapindales
Rosales
Family
Aceraceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Acer
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
Hippocastanoideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
1286
1
27800
👆🏻